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Rotating Objects
Most object have a specific up, down, left, right, back and front associated with them when you create them. When you place the object in a scene, its orientation may need to be altered to achieve a desired effect. For example, an airplane that's taking off should be tilted upwards, or tilted downward when it's descending.
There are three ways of rotating objects in Bryce:
- using the Rotate tool to resize an object along different axes
- using the 3D Transformation dialog, which lets you enter precise rotation angles
- using the object's control points to interactively rotate the object
Using the Rotate tool
The Rotate tool lets you rotate a selected object along any axis. Objects can be rotated in World Space, Object Space or Camera Space.
The Rotate tool has three states. As you move the cursor over the tool, one of the states becomes active.
As you move your cursor over the tool a rotation state becomes active.
To rotate an object around an axis:
1 Make sure the Edit palette is visible. If it's not, click the Edit button at the top of the Bryce window.
2 Move the cursor over the Rotate tool.
3 When the state you want to use becomes active, drag in the direction you want to rotate the object.
Hold down Shift while dragging to constrain rotation operations to 45 degree increments.
To choose a spatial option for rotation
1 Make sure the Edit palette is visible. If it's not, click the Edit button at the top of the Bryce window.
2 Click the triangle icon next to the Rotate tool and choose an option from the menu:
Object Space rotates your selection relative to itself (see "Object Space").
World Space rotates your selection in absolute world coordinates (see "World Space").
Camera Space rotates your selection relative to the camera (see "Camera Space").
The three spatial options are also available for the Resize and Reposition tools. When you select Object, World, or Camera space for the Rotation tool, it is also set for the other two tools. The option you choose in the Edit palette does not affect the 3D Transformations dialog.
To undo rotation operations:
1 Make sure the Edit palette is visible. If it's not, click the Edit button at the top of the Bryce window.
2 Click the triangle icon next to the Rotate tool and choose Unrotate from the menu.
Numerical Rotation
In a complex scene, orienting objects may require more precision than the Rotation tool offers. The 3D Transformations dialog lets you enter specific rotation angles for a selected object.
All transformations performed using this dialog use World Space coordinates regardless of the spatial option you chose for the Rotate tool.
Rotation values are expressed as degrees, with 360° being a single full rotation. Since rotations are relative, you may enter negative values and cumulative values (greater than 360° or less than -360°).
To rotate an object numerically:
1 Make sure the Edit palette is visible. If it's not, click the Edit button at the top of the Bryce window.
3 Click the triangle icon next to the Rotate tool and choose 3D Transformations from the menu. The 3D Transformations dialog appears.
4 Enter a degree value in one or more of the Rotate fields.
The degrees determine the angle of rotation. For example, to rotate an object 45° around Y, enter 45 in the Rotate Y field. To rotate around other axes, just enter values in the appropriate fields.
Since you're dealing with World Space transformations, objects are rotated with respect to the World Space X, Y, and Z axes.
You can also rotate an object numerically using the Object Attributes dialog. The values in the Attributes dialog rotate the object using either Absolute coordinates or Object Space coordinates. Refer to "Absolute Coordinates" and "Definition Coordinates" for more on these coordinate systems.
Interactive Rotation
Using the control points on an object's bounding box, you can freely rotate an object directly in the Working window.
Rotation control points appear when you hold down Command /Ctrl and pass your cursor over the object's bounding box. The corner control points let you free-rotate your object. The control points at the center of each face rotate the object along a single axis.
To rotate around a single axis:
2 Hold down Command /Ctrl and drag on any face control point.
You can tell which axis you're rotating around by releasing the Command /Ctrl key for a moment. The cursor changes to an X, Y or Z.
To free rotate an object:
2 Hold down Command /Ctrl and drag on any corner control point.
Holding down Option/Alt while dragging on a corner control point lets you rotate the object in very fine increments.
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